Agriculture provides the basis of subsistence for the population by production of food and raw materials. Agriculture plays an important role to cover the primary aims of mankind like food, fibre, fuel, fodder etc. by optimum use of terrestrial resources. Traditionally, the inhabitants of each country or region depended on the bread-basket filled by the farmers i.e. everybody relied upon agriculture and was interested in its fate. During recent past, agriculture has faced tremendous challenges due to increased demand for food grains and agriculture related raw materials for allied sectors and it has created enormous job opportunities in teaching, research, extension, industries and financial institutions. The increase in output and productivity of agriculture could only be achieved by division of work and specialization. Agronomy is a branch of agricultural science that deals with the study of crops and the soils in which they grow and an Agronomist works to develop methods that will improve the use of soil and increase the production of food and fibre crops. Agronomy is a dynamic discipline with the advancement of knowledge and better understanding of the plant and environment and various agricultural practices are modified and new practices are developed for achieving higher productivity. They conduct research in crop rotation, irrigation and drainage, plant breeding, soil classification, soil fertility, weed control, and other areas.